Lock stitch sewing machine



April 12, 1938. N. v. cHRls'rENsEN ET AI. 2,113,572 Y `LOCK STITCH SEWING MACHINE Filed May 9, 1935 4 sheets-sheet 1 INM $5 III I a tb I III I 'IIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIJHH Il April l2, 1938. N. v. cHRlsTENsEN ET A1. 2,113,572

LOCK STITCH SEWING MACHINE Filed May 9, 1935 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 April 12, 1938. N. v cHRlsTEsEN ET A1. 2,113,572

LOCK STITCH EWING MACHINE Filed May 9, 1933 3mm/MS 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 72mm... \f. *SW

LW WM April l2, 1938.

eats-Sheet 4 ,1 A RVV/ M wf,

Patented Apr. 12, 1938 UNITED STATES LOCK STITCH SEWING MACHINE Norman V. Christensen and Charles FfRubel,

Chicago, Ill., assignors to Union Special Machine Company, Chicago, Ill., a corporation of Illinois Application May 9, 1933, Serial No. 670,186

35 Claims. (Cl. 112-181) The invention relates to new and useful improvements in sewing machines.

An object of this invention is to produce a sewing machine wherein the weight of reciprocating metal is reduced to a minimum in order to lessen vibration and thus permit higher speed. To effect this the transmission is effected by a driving shaft geared to a driven shaft, the former operating the needle bar directly, and the gearing to opl0 erate the latter involving all parallel horizontal axes. Special provision has been made to reduce wear and to distribute unavoidable wear which would otherwise be localized. The result is a sewing machine capable of operating at a higher speed and with less vibration and less wear than has heretofore been produced.

A further object of the invention is to provide a sewing machine of the lock stitch type wherein the means for forming the lock stitches and for feeding the material is actuated by interconnected rotated parts and positively connected reciprocating parts, whereby said machine may be operated at a. relatively high. speed and stitches of a uniform character and uniform stitch 25 lengths produced.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a machine of the above type having a rotary hook and a. reciprocating needle bar, wherein said hook is rotated by an intermeshing gear connection with the actuating shaft, and said needle bar is positively reciprocated by a direct connection to said actuating shaft.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a substantially closed chamber adapted to retain lubricating oil and in which the transmission mechanism is completely housed and needs no access thereto once the mechanism is inserted and-the proper timing effected, the lower gear chamber, and supplying oil for the lubrication o f the gears.

These and other objects will in part be obvious 45 and will in part be hereinafter more fully disclosed.

In the drawings- Figure l is a vertical sectional Viewcentrally through a machine embodying the invention;

0 Fig. 2 is a view partly in end elevation and partly in section along the line of feed of the same with' thev cover plate for the needle removed;

Fig. 3 is a plan view of a portion of the work 55 support, with parts broken away in section to of the transmission mechanism running in con- Fig. 6 is a sectional view on-the line 6 6 of 10 Fig. 3, and

Fig. 'I is a diagrammatic view showing the operating means for the fe'ed rocker and the manner of adjusting the oscillating position thereof.

The invention is shown as applied to a sewing 15 machine which is designed for producing lock stitches. The machine includes a needle bar carrying a needle and a rotating hook cooperating with the needle for carrying the needle thread around the thread carrying bobbin for produc- 20 ing lock stitches. The needle bar is mounted in an overhanging arm and is reclprocated by a ro.- tating shaft carrying a crank and having a link directly connecting said crank to the needle bar, thus the needle bar derives its motion from the 25 distal end of the driving shaft. In the present embodiment of the invention, this rotating shaft is an actuating shaft and is driven directly by a beltrwheel connected thereto. The rotating hook is continuously rotated by an auxiliary shaft 30 'which has a gear meshing with a gear on an operating shaft beneath the work support of the machine, and these gears are timed so that the rotary hook is given two rotations to each rotation of the operating shaft. This operating shaft 35 beneath the work support is connected through a train of gears to the actuating shaft which reciprocates the needle bar. The axis of the auxiliary shaft carrying the rotating hooklies in a vertical plane containing the path of the needle 40 and extending at right angles to the line of feed. Y The axis of the operating shaft for the rotating hook lies in rear of the axis of the auxiliary shaft. 'I'he material is fed by the feed dog carried by the' feed bar pivoted to a feed rocker, and the feed bar is raised and lowered bya link connected to a crank on the end of the operating shaft for the rotating hook. 'I'his link at itsy lower end is connected to a depending member carried by the feed bar, so that the feed bar is positively raised and lowered by this link connection to alcrank carried by the operating shaft'beneath the work support. The feed rocker is oscillated by aneccentric carried by this operating shaftbeneath the work support.' The threads are drawn up 553' and the stitch set by a take-up which is actuated by the same crank which drives the needle bar, so that the take-up is positively operated in its reciprocating movements. The rotating hook and the feeding mechanism derive their movements from the distal end of the auxiliary shaft. v It is thought that the invention will be better understood by a detail .description of the illustrated embodiment thereof. The machine includes a supporting bed I which serves as the cloth plate of the machine. This supporting bed is provided with depending ribs 2, 2 set back from the edge of the bed so that the bed may be supported on the table along the edge portions thereof. Rising from the supporting bed I is a standard 3 carrying an overhanging arm 4. Mounted for reciprocation in the overhanging arm 4 is a needle bar 5 carrying a needle 6. Mounted for rotation in the overhanging arm is a shaft 'I carrying a head 8 provided with a crank 3. A link I IJ engages said crank, and at its lower end is connected to a lug II carried by a collar I2 fixed to the needle bar. This shaft 'I in the present embodiment of the invention is the actuating shaft for the machine, and a belt wheel Ia is directly attached thereto for rotating the same. The shaft 'I is mounted in bearings I3, I3, one of which is carried at the needle head end of the overhanging arm, and the other of which is mounted in the rear wall of the standard. Oil is supplied to one bearing I3 through a port I4 and the oil is supplied tothe other bearing I3 through asimilar port I8 formed in the standard.

Cooperating with the needle beneath the work support is a rotating hook I9. This rotating hook I9 is xed to an auxiliary rotating shaft 20. Within the hook is theusual bobbin 2| carrying a thread, and the rotating hook enters the needle thread loop and passes the same about the bobbin in the usual way to form a lock stitch. The hook and the bobbinhave only been diagrammatically right hand end of the shaft 20 is a gear 24 which gear meshes with a gear 25 carried by the operating shaft 26. The gears 24 and 25 are so proportioned, that the rotating hook is given two rotations to one rotation of the shaft 26. The shaft 26 is mounted in bearings 21 and 28 carried by the bed I of the machine.

At the righthand end of the boss 22 and formed as a part thereof, is a housing 29. This housing extends in front of the gear 24 and in rear of the gear 25. The shaft 26 extends through the housing, and oil retaining pads 30, 30 are provided for closing the opening in the housing through which the shaft 26 extends. This housing is an integral part of the bed I, so that the bed closes the upper side of the housing. A removable plate 3I is connected to the lower side of the housing by a liquid-tight connection, and this forms a chamber 32 for the lubricating oil. The oil may be supplied to the chamber in any well-known way. This insures that the gears 24 and 25 shall run in an oil bath and be thoroughly lubricated and substantially noiseless. The gears are also preferably made of a material which permits the parts to be operated at a high speed with little or no resulting noise.

The shaft 26 extends through the bearing 26 into the standard, and carries a gear 34. This gear 34 meshes with the gear I5 which in turn meshes with the gear I6 on the main actuating shaft. The gear I5 is a transmitting gear having a hub I5 within which is mounted a renewable bushing I5" so that the gear rotates on the fixed pivot I'I which is mounted in the walls of the standard. The pivot has an oil duct I1 through which lubricant is supplied to the bushing on which the hub of the gear I5 is mounted, collars I'I holding the gear in place on the pivot I1. The standard has depending members to which is detachably connected a plate 35 which forms a chamber 36 at the bottom portion of the standard. This chamber is supplied with a lubricating oil 'so that the gear 34 running in the oil bath will hand the lubricant up to the gears I5 and IB, and thus lubricate the teeth thereof. The

gear I5 is of larger diameter than either of the gears I6 and 34. These gears I6 and 34, however, are of the same diameter, and therefore, the gear 34 will be driven at the same speed of rotation as the gear I6. By giving this transmitting gear a number of teeth which is not a multiple of the gears with which it meshes, there is obtained a progressive shifting engagement such that the tooth of either gear I6 or 34 which is subjected to periodic strains will nd itself continually shifting its contact to a different tooth in the transmitting gear, and the period strains will therefore be distributed uniformly over the teeth of this transmitting gear. These periodic strains referred to are due to the needle penetrating the fabric during a portion only in its cycle of movement and also to the reversal of the movement of the needle bar which is a reciprocating member, and at each reversal there is a strain on the operating mechanism. 'In connection with the feeding mechanism there is a strain on the operating parts when the feed dog is brought into contact with the material for lifting it from the work support for the feed cycle. The feed bar'moves back and forth and also up and down, and the reversal inthe movements of the feed bar also produces periodic strains on the operating mechanism. By the above arrangement, these periodic strains, re-

-the needle, are distributed uniformly over the teeth of the transmitting gear. This greatly lessens the wear on the gear teeth. Furthermore, the teeth of the transmitting gear I5 are made of softer material than the teeth of either of the gears I6 and 34, and therefore the transmitting gear is caused to take the wear occasioned by the periodic strains. This wear shifts from one tooth to another and is thus distributed over the teeth of the transmitting gear. These gears are preferably made of such material also as to be substantially noiseless even though driven at high speed.

The material is held on the work support by a presser foot 31 mounted in the needle head and yieldingly depressed by means of a spring 38. The tension on the spring may be varied by means of a suitable abutment collar 39, and the'presser foot is raised from the material by the lifting lever 40. These parts are of the usual construction.

'I'he material is fed across the Work support by a feed dog 4I carried by a feed bar 42. The

feed bar 42 is pivoted at 43 to a feed rocker 44, which in turn is mounted on a shaft 45 supported by depending brackets 46, 46 carried by the bed. The feed bar carries a depending arm 41 which is pivoted at 48 to a link 49. This link 49, at its upper end, is connected to a crank I) eccentrically. mounted in the end of the operating shaft 26. The crank is secured in said end of the shaft by a set screw 5I. It willbe noted that the shaft 26 terminates just beyond the bearing 21 and the end of the shaft carrying the crank is, therefore,

v very firmly and durably supported. As the shaft 26 rotates, it will, through this link 49, positivey raise and positively lower the feed dog, moving the same into and out of engagement with the material, and also lifting the material with the presser foot for the feeding of the material.

The feed rocker 4 terminates short of the bearing 46 and is provided with a laterally extending pin 52. On the operating shaft 26 is an eccentric 53. An eccentric strap consisting of two telescoping sections 54 and 55 are included in the actuating means for oscillating the feed rocker. The section 54 is pivotally connected to this pin 52. As the eccentric 53 rotates, it will cause the section 56 to reciprocate back and forth in the section without imparting any endwise movement to this section 55 of the eccentric strap. The lateral movements, however, of the eccentric Astrap imparted thereto by the eccentric 53 will cause the section 55 to shift its angular relation to the feed rocker. Attached to the free end of the section 55 of the eccentric strap is a lug 56 carrying a pin 51. A link 58 is connected to this Din 51, and the other end of the link is attached to a pin 55 carried by an arm 60. This arm 60 is capable of being shifted to different set positions and remains in a fixed position during the normal operation of the feed.

Referring to the diagrammatic view in Fig. '7, it will be noted that the eccentric strap is given a lateral movement from a position indicated by the full line a to the full line b. During this lateral movement of the eccentric strap, the link 58 will move from the full line position c to the full line position d, oscillating about the center e. It will be noted that the end of the link moves from the position f to the position g, when the center of oscillation e is set as indicated by the full lines in Fig. 7. When the connection to the telescoping part of the eccentric strap moves from the point f to the point g, there is necessarily imparted to said section and to the feed rocker connected thereto, a horizontal movement. The extent of this movement is determined by the distance between vertical lines passing through the points f and g. and this is the stitch length, or the distance to which the fabric is fed. If the point e be shifted to the point e', then the link will move from the point f to the point g', and it will be noted that there is little or no effective horizontal or endwise movement of the eccentric strap sec tion 55, and consequently little or no movement imparted to the feed dog. If this centerof oscillation e be shifted to a point e2, that is, beneath the eccentric strap, then the feed will be reversed, as the point f will be nearer to the eccentric than the point g. When the link is in the full line position and at the point indicated at f in Fig. 7. the feed rocker is then in the full line position indicated at h, and when the link moves to the position indicated at g, then the feed rocker is at the position indicated at i. When the center e is adjusted to the position indicated at e' in Fig. 7.

then the feed rocker will move from the position h to the position i. f

The arm 60 is carried by a shaft 6 l This shaft is mounted in a suitable bearing in the housing 29. arm 62 which extends up through an opening 63. in the bed plate I. The upper end of this arm is graduated as indicated in Fig. 3 of the drawings. These graduations are adapted toL be used in 'connection with a fixed line on the upper face of the bed, and will indicate the length of the stitch, as the length of the stitch is determined by the position of this arm 62 which in turn controls the position of the center of oscillation of the link 58. The arm 62 is pivotally connected at 64 to a link 65. Thel link 65 is threaded, as indicated at 66. Mounted on this threaded portion of the link is ,a disk 61 which projects upwardly through an opening 66 in the bed I. This disk is knurled and may be turned by the operator. The opening 68 permits the disk to be turned, but prevents any lateral movements thereof, and therefore, when the disk is rotated, the link will be moved endwise. This link 65 has a head 69 thereon mounted in a bearing in the depending rib 2. The head slides freely in the bearing and supports the end of the link, holding the disk 61 in the opening in the bed. This feeding mechanism which has been described in detail per se. forms no part ofthe present invention, but is the invention of George Sauer and Attached tothe outer end of the shaft is an 5 Clarence C. Smith, and is shown, described and claimed in an application filed Mayv 31, 1933, Serial No. 673,738.

The needle thread is controlled by a take-up arm 10 which is connected to the crank 9. A link 1| is pivoted at 12 to this take-up arm 10, and said link 1| is in turn pivotally mounted at 13 on the needle head. As the crank rotates, the arm 1E) will be oscillated and will take up and give up the thread for proper setting of the stitch and drawing thread from the supply.

It will be noted from the above that all of the rotating parts are actuated by direct geared connection to the main actuating shaft, and that all of the reciprocating parts are positively moved back and forth. It will also be noted that the number of parts which are necessary for bringing about the movements of the needle bar-and the hook, and also for imparting movements to the feed dog are comparatively few. This direct positive actuation of the operated parts greatly contributes to the efficiency in both the stitch formation and in the stitch length which is determined by the movements of the feed dog. The machine may be driven at relatively high speed, and is free from noise, as well as efficient in its operation.

It is obvious that the invention as defined in the appended claims is not limited to the details of construction and arrangement of parts as shown;

neither is it limited to the type of complemental stitch forming mechanism disclosed, except where specifically so stated.

Having thus fully described our invention what we claim as Anew and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:-

1. In a sewing machinetwo parallel shafts one above and one Vbelow the work plate, connected solely by gears, the upper shaft being the driving shaft and the lower the driven shaft; a reciprocating needle bar carrying a needle, means whereby its motion is derived from the distal end of the driving shaft; a reciprocating feeding mechanism, means whereby its movement is def rived from the distal end of the driven shaft;

complemental stitch forming mechanism, and means whereby its movement is derived from the driven shaft.

v 2. In a sewing machine, an upper rotary driving shaft, a lower parallel rotary shaft, a gear on the upper shaft, a gear on the lower shaft, and an intermediate idle gear meshing with said upper and lower gears, a reciprocating needle bar carrying a needle and directly operated from the distal end of the driving shaft, a reciprocating feeding mechanism, means whereby its movement is derived from the distal end of the lower shaft, complemental stitch forming mechanism, and means whereby its movement is derived from the lower shaft.

3. In a sewing machine the combination of a work supporting bed, an actuating shaft located above said bed and an actuated shaft parallel therewith located beneath said bed, gears for connecting said shafts for operating the driven shaft in unison with the driving shaft, a reciprocating needle bar carrying the needle, means whereby said needle bar is operated from the distal end of the driving shaft, a reciprocating feeding mechanism, means whereby its movement is positively derived from the distal end of the driven shaft, complemental stitch forming mechanismv and means whereby its movement is derived from the distal end of another shaft operated by said driven shaft.

4. In a sewing machine the combination of an upper rotary driving shaft, a lower rotary driven shaft parallel therewith, a gear on the upper shaft, a gear on the lower shaft and an intermediate idler gear meshing with the upper and lower gears and operating to drive said driven shaft in unison with the driving shaft, a reciprocating needle bar carrying the needle, means whereby said needle bar is operated from the distal end of the driving shaft, a reciprocating feeding mechanism, means whereby its movement is positively derived from the distal end of the driven shaft, complementa] stitch forming mechanism and means whereby its movement is derived from the distal end of another shaft operated by said driven shaft.

5. In a sewing machine, a work plate, a needle, means for reciprocating said needle, a rotary shaft below the work plate operating feed-actuating mechanism, the axis of the said shaft being in a vertical plane to the rear of the needle; and a parallel auxiliary rotary shaft driven from said first mentioned shaft, and a rotary hook carried by said auxiliary shaft, the axis of said auxiliary shaft being disposed in a vertical plane containing the needle.

6. A sewing machine including in combination, a supporting bed, a standard, an overhanging arm carried thereby, a needle bar mounted for reciprocation on said overhanging arm, a needle carried thereby, a shaft mounted in said overhanging arm, a crank carried by said shaft, a link connecting said crank to the needle bar for reciprocating the same, a rotating hook cooperating with said needle beneath the bed, an auxiliary shaft carrying said hook, an operating shaft located beneath the bed, a two to one gear connection between the auxiliary shaft and the operating shaft beneath the bed, and a train of gears connecting said operating shaft beneath the bed with the shaft in the overhanging arm.

'7. A sewing machine including in combination, a supporting bed, a standard, an overhanging arm carried thereby, a needle bar mounted for reciprocation on said overhanging arm, a needle carried thereby, a shaft mounted in said overhanging arm, a crank carried by said shaft, a link connecting said crank to the needle bar for reciprocating the same, a rotating hook cooperating with said needle beneath the bed,v an auxiliary shaft carrying said hook, an operating shaft located beneath the bed, a two to one gear connection between the auxiliary shaft and the operating shaft beneath the bed, a gear carried by the shaft in the overhanging arm, a gear carried by the operating shaft beneath the bed, and a gear mounted in the standard and meshing with said last-named gears.

8. A sewing machine including in combination, a supporting bed, a standard, an overhanging arm carried thereby, a needle bar mounted for reciprocation on said overhanging arm, a needle carried thereby, a shaft mounted in said overhanging arm, a crank carried by said shaft, a link connecting said crank to the needle bar for reciprocating the same, a rotating hook cooperating with said needle beneath the bed, an auxiliary shaft carrying said hook, an operating shaft located beneath the bed, a two to one gear connection between the auxiliary shaft and the operating shaft beneath the bed, means for actuating the shaft in the overhanging arm, a gear carried by the operating shaft beneath the bed, and a transmitting gear in the standard meshing with the gear on the actuating shaft and the gear on the operating shaft.

9. A sewing machine including lin combination, a supporting bed, a standard, an overhanging arm carried thereby, a needle bar mounted for reciprocation on said overhanging arm, a needle carried thereby, a shaft mounted in said overhanging arm, a crank carried by said shaft, a link connecting said crank to the needle bar for reciprocating the same, a rotating hook cooperating with said needle beneath the bed, an auxiliary shaft carrying said hook, an operating shaft located beneath the bed, a two to one gear connection between the auxiliary shaft and the operating shaft beneath the bed, means for actuating the shaft in the overhanging arm, a gear carried by the operating shaft beneath the bed, and a transmitting gear in the standard meshing with the gear on the actuating shaft and the gear on the operating shaft, said transmit- 'ting gear being of greater diameter and having a greater number 'of teeth therein so that the points of driving engagement between the gears is a shifting engagement for reducing wear on the gears.

10. A sewing machine including in combination, a supporting bed, a standard, an overhanging arm carried thereby, a needle bar mounted for reciprocation on said overhanging arm, a needle carried thereby, a shaft mounted in said overhanging arm, a crank carried by said shaft, a link connecting said crank to the needle bar for reciprocatingthe same, a rotating hook cooperating with said needle beneath the bed, an auxiliary shaft carrying said hook, an op` erating shaft located beneath the bed, a two to one gear connection between the auxiliary shaft and the operating'shaft beneath the bed, a train of gearsv connecting said operating shaft beneath the bed with `the shaft in the overhanging arm, a feed dog, a feed bar carrying said feed dog, a feed rocker to which said feed bar is pivoted, and means actuated by said operating shaft beneath the bed for positively raising and lowering said feed bar.

11. A sewing machine including in combination, a supporting bed, a standard, an overhanging arm carried thereby, a needle bar mounted for reciprocation on said overhanging arm, a needle carried thereby, a shaft mounted in said overhanging arm, a crank carried by said shaft, a link connecting said crank to the needle bar for reciprocating the same, a rotating hook cooperating with said needle beneath the bed, an auxiliary shaft carrying said hook,- an operating shaft located beneath the bed, a two Vto one gear connection between the auxiliary shaft and the operating shaft beneath the bed, a train of gears connecting said operating shaft beneath the bed With the shaft in the overhanging arm, a feed dog, a feed bar carrying said feed dog, a feed rocker to which said feed bar is pivoted, a crank carried at the end of the operating shaft beneath the bed, a link connected to said crank and pivotally attached to the lower end of the depending member carried by the feed bar, an eccentric on said operating shaft beneath the bed, and devices operated thereby for positively oscillating the feed rocker.

12. A sewing machine including in combination, a supporting bed, a standard, an overhanging arm carried by the standard, a needle bar mounted for reciprocation on said overhanging arm, a

needle carried thereby, an actuating shaft mounted in said overhanging arm, connections between the actuating shaft and the needle bar for positively reciprocating the same, a rotating hook cooperating with the needle beneath the bed, an auxiliary shaft carrying said hook and disposed so that the axis thereof substantially intersects the needle path, an operating shaft located beneathv the bed with the axis thereof intersecting the line of feed in rear of the needle, said operating shaft terminating adjacent the vertical plane of movement of the feed, a two to one gear connecting said auxiliary shaft with said rotating shaft, a feed dog, a feed bar carrying said feed dog, a feed rocker to which said feed bar is pivoted, means actuated from the end of said operating shaft for positively raising and lowering said feed bar, means actuated from said operating shaft for positively oscillating said feed rocker, and a train of gears connecting the actuating shaft in the overhanging arm with the operating shaft beneath the bed.

13. A sewing machine including in combination, a supporting bed, a standard, an overhanging arm carried by the standard, a needle bar mounted for reciprocation on said overhanging arm, a needle carried thereby, an actuating shaft mounted in said overhanging arm, connections between the actuating shaft and the needle bar for positively reciprocating the same, a rotating hook cooperating with the needle beneath the bed, an auxiliary shaft carrying said hook and disposed so that the axis thereof substantially intersects the needle path, an operatingshaft located beneath the bed with the axis thereof intersecting the line of feed in rear of the needle, said operating shaft terminating adjacent the Vertical plane of movement of the feed, a two to one gear connecting said auxiliary shaft with said rotating shaft, a feed dog, a feed bar carrying said feed dog, a feed rocker to which said feed bar is pivoted, a crank carried at the end of the operating shaft beneath the bed, a link connected to said crank and pivotally attached at itsV lower end to a depending member carried by the feed bar, an eccentric on said operating shaft beneath the bed. devices operated thereby for positively oscillating the feed rocker, a train of gears disposed in the standard, and connecting the actuating shaft in the overhanging arm with the operating shaft beneath the bed.

14. A sewing machine including in combination a supporting bed. a rotating hook, an auxiliary shaft carrying said rotating hook, an operating shaft beneath the bed, a two to one gear con-l nection between saidauxiliary shaft and said operating shaft whereby said hook is rotated twice for each rotation of the operating shaft, a feed dog, a feed bar carrying said feed dog, a feed -rocker to which the feed bar is attached, said feed bar having a depending member, said operating shaft terminating adjacent the feed bar, a crank carried by the operating shaft, va link attached to said crank and said depending mem-- ber on the feed bar for raising and lowering the same, an eccentric on said operating shaft, and

devices operated thereby for oscillating the feed rocker.

l5. A sewing machine including in combination, a supporting bed, an operating shaft beneath said bed, an auxiliary shaft parallel with the operating shaft, a rotating hook carried by the auxiliary shaft, a gear carried `by the auxiliary shaft and meshing with a gear carried bythe operating shaft, anda housing surroundingsaid gears containing a lubricant in which said gears operate.

16. A sewing machine including in combination, a supporting bed, an operating shaft beneath said bed, an auxiliary shaft parallel with the operating shaft, a rotating hook carried by the auxiliary shaft, a gear carried by the auxiliary shaft and meshing with a gear carried by the operatingv shaft, said bed having depending members located at opposite sides of said gears and extending beneath the same, and a plate .joining said members and forming a chamber for a lubricant so that said gears may operate in said lubricant.

17. A sewing machine including in combination, a'supporting bed, a standard, an overhanging arm, a needle bar mounted for-reciprocation on said arm, a needle carried thereby, a shaft mounted in the overhanging arm and connected to said needle bar for reciprocating the same, a rotating hook cooperating with said needle beneath the bed, anrauxiliary shaft carrying said hook, any

operating shaft located beneath the bed and having a two to one gear connection with said auxiliary shaft, a feeding mechanism actuated by said operating shaft, said bed having a depending member adjacent the standard through which the operating shaft extends, said standard having a depending member and a plate connecting said members at the lower ends thereof and forming a. closed chamber at the bottom portion of the standard, a gear on the operating shaft in said closed chamber, a gear on the actuating shaft, an intermediate gear meshing with the gear on the actuating shaft and the gear on the operating shaft, said chamber beingadapted to retain lubricating oil so that the gear on the operating shaft will run in a bath of oil and lubricate the intermediate gear and the actuating gear therefor.

18. In a sewing machine two parallel shafts one above and the other below the work plate and from which the movements of the stitch form-- ing parts are derived; a gear on the upper shaft, a gear on the lower shaft, and an intermediate transmitting gear between these two gears-whereby synchronous rotation of the shafts is obtained, the number of teeth in the said transmitting gear being other than a multiple of the number of teeth in the other gears, the material of the teeth of said transmitting gear being softer than the metal of the teeth of the other gears.

19. In a sewing machine, the combination of a work support, a standard, an overhanging arm carried thereby, a needle mounted for reciprocation in said overhanging arm, a rotating shaft in said overhanging arm, means operated by said shaft for positively reciprocating said needle, an operated shaft located beneath the work support and disposed in rear of a line containing the needle path, means for actuating said shafts in synchronism, an auxiliary shaft parallel with said operated shaft beneath the cloth plate, and having its axis substantially intersecting the line containing the needle path, a rotated hook xed to said auxiliary shaft, and intermeshing spur gears for imparting rotation from said operated shaft beneath the cloth plate to said auxiliary shaft.

20. In a sewing machine a bed plate, a hol` low standard forming a` substantially closed chamber adapted to retain lubricating oil, an overhanging arm, a shaft situated in the overhanging arm, another shaft situated below the bed plate, and a train of gears whereby said shafts are driven in synchronism, said gears being wholly within the said closed chambenand the lower gear thereof running in oil held in the closed chamber.

21. In a sewing machine thel combination of a fabric supporting bed, a hollow standard carried thereby and forming a substantially closed chamber adapted to retain lubricating oil, an overhanging arm carried by said standard, a shaft disposed in said overhanging arm, a needle bar at the outer end of said overhanging arm, means for reciprocating said needle bar from said shaft, a shaft located beneath said fabric supporting bed, a feeding mechanism located beneath said bed, means for operating said feeding mechanism from said shaft beneath the bed, a complemental stitch forming mechanism located beneath said bed, means for operating said complemental stitch forming mechanism from said shaft beneath said bed, a train of gears connecting said shaft in the overhanging arm with the shaft beneath the bed, said gears being disposed wholly within said closed chamber and with the lower gear thereof running in oil held in said. closed chamber.

22. A sewing machine including a standard, a work support, an overhanging arm, a needle bar, a feeding mechanism and a rotary hook beneath the work support, a transmitting gear carried by the standard, a shaft for actuating the needle bar, a gear carried thereby meshing with said transmitting gear, a shaft for operating the feeding mechanism, a gear carried thereby and meshing with said transmitting gear, means whereby said rotary hook is operated from said transmitting gear, the number of teeth in said transmitting gear being other than a multiple of the number of teeth in the gear operating the feed shaft.

23.A sewing machine including a standard, a work support, an overhanging arm, a needle bar, a feeding mechanism and a rotary hook beneath the work support, a transmitting gear carried by the standard, a shaft for actuating the needle bar, a gear carried thereby meshing with said transmitting gear, a shaft for operating the feeding mechanism, a gear carried thereby and meshing with said transmitting gear, an auxillary shaft having a geared connection to the feed shaft, the number of teeth in said transmitting gear being other' than a multiple of the number of teeth in the gear operating the feed shaft.

24. In a sewing machine, a work support, a

reciprocating needle bar a needle carried thereby, a shaft above the plane of the work support operating said needle bar, a rotating hook cooperating with said needle beneath said plane, an operating shaft located beneath said plane, a train of gears forming the` sole connection between said shafts, and operating said shafts at the same speed, means for rotating said hook from said shaft beneath said plane, a feeding mechanism, and means foroperating said feeding mechanism from said shaft beneath said plane.

25. In a sewing machine, a work support, a. reciprocating needle bar, a shaft above the plane of the work support operating said needle bar, a rotating hook cooperating with the needle beneath said plane, an operating shaft located beneath said plane, a train of gears forming the sole connection between said shafts and operating said shafts at the same speed, a feeding mechanism, means for operating said feeding mechanism from said shaft beneath said plane, an auxiliary shaft operating said hook, and means for imparting a two to one movement to said auxiliary shaft from the shaft beneath said plane.

26. In a sewing machine, a work support, a

shaft above the plane of the work support, a re ciprocating needle bar deriving its movement from the distal end of 'said shaft, a rotating hook cooperating with the needle beneath said plane, an operating shaft located beneath said plane, a train of gears forming the sole connection between said shafts and operating said shafts at the same speed, a feeding mechanism, means operated from the distal end of said shaft beneath said plane for operating the feeding mechanism, and means for rotating said hook from said shaft beneath said plane.

27. In a sewing machine, a work support, a shaft above the plane of the Work support, a reciprocating needle bar deriving its movement from the distal end of said shaft, a rotating hook cooperating with the needle beneath said plane, V

an operating shaft located beneath said plane, a .trainof gears forming the sole connection between said shafts and operating said shafts at the same speed, a feeding mechanism, means operated from the distal end of said shaft beneath said plane for operating the feeding mechanism, an auxiliary shaft operating said hook, and means for imparting a two to one movement to said auxiliary shaft from said shaft beneath said plane.

28. In a sewing machine, a work support, a reciprocating needle bar, a needle carried thereby, a shaft above the plane of the Work support operating said needle bar, a rotary hook cooperl ating with the needle beneath said plane, an operating shaft located beneath said plane, a train of gears forming the sole connection between said shafts, said gears being disposed in a single plane in the region of the standard and operating said shafts at the same speed, a feeding mechanism, means for operating said feeding mechanism from said shaft beneath said plane,

and means for rotating said hook and said shaft beneath said plane.

29. In a sewing machine having a standard, an overhanging arm and a bed plate, shafts associated one with the arm and operating a reciprocating needle and the other with the bed plate and operating an intermittent feed, a gear on each of said shafts, a single transmitting gear meshing with both of said gears, the number of teeth in the transmitting gear being so proportioned to the number of teeth inthe other gears as to cause periodic strains incident to the reciprocating of the needle bar and the intermittent operation of the feed to be distributed uniformly over the teeth in the transmitting gear.

30. In a sewing machine having a standard, an overhanging arm and a bed plate, shafts associated one with the arm and operating a reciprocating needle and the other with the bed plate and operating an intermittent feed, a gear on each of said shafts, a single transmitting gear meshing with both of said gears, the number of teeth in the transmitting gear being so proportioned to the number of teeth in the other gears as to cause periodic strains incident to the reciprocating of the needle bar and the intermit.

tent operation of the feed to be distributed uniformly over the teeth in the transmitting gear, said transmitting gear being of softer material than the other gears whereby itis caused to take the wear occasioned by the periodic strains.

31. In a sewing machine, a work plate, a needle, means for reciprocating said needle, a lrotary shaft below the work plate operating feed actuating mechanism, the axis of said shaft being in a vertical plane to the rear of the needle, a parallel auxiliary shaft, driving means operated by said rotary shaft and connected to one end.of said auxiliary shaft for rotating the same, a rotary hook carried by the other end of said auxiliary shaft, and a single bearing for said auxiliary shaft extending substantially the entire length thereof between the rotary hook and the driving means.

32. A sewing machine including in combination, a standardf an overhanging arm, a work support, a needle mounted for reciprocation on said overhanging arm, a shaft mounted on said overhanging arm and connected to said needle for reciprocating the same, a four-motion feeding mechanism beneath said work support, a rotary hook beneath the work support, a shaft located beneath the work support, a train of intermeshing gears rotating about parallel axes connecting the shaft on the overhanging arm with the shaft beneath the work support, a second shaft located beneath the work support and operatively connected to said last-named shaft, said feeding mechanism including a feed dog and means actuated by one of said shafts beneath the work support for positively imparting to said feed dog back and forth and up and down movements, said rotary hook being operated by the other shaft beneath the work support.

33. A sewing machine including in combination, a standard, an overhanging arm, a work support, a needle mounted for reciprocation on said overhanging arm, a driving shaft mounted on said overhanging arm and connected to said needle for reciprocating the same,`a four-motion feeding mechanism beneath said work support, a rotary hook beneath the work support, a driven `shaft located beneath the work support, an intermediate pinion geared to the shaft on the overhanging arm and to the shaft beneath the work support and forming the sole connection therebetween, a second shaft located beneath .the work support and operatively connected to the driven shaft, said feeding mechanism including a feed dog and means actuated by one of said shafts beneath the work support for positively imparting to said feed dog back and forthA and up and down movements, and said rotary hook being operated by the other shaft beneath the work support.

34. A sewing machine including in combination, a hollow standard forming a substantially closed chamber adapted to contain lubricating oil, an overhanging arm carried thereby, a work support, a needle mounted for reciprocation on said overhanging arm, a driving shaft mounted on saidfoverhanging arm and connected to said needle for reciprocating the same, a feeding mechanism disposed beneath th work support, a rotary hook located beneath thework support, a driven shaft beneath the work support, means operated by the driven shaft for actuating the Vfeeding mechanism and for rotatingthe hook, a

train of gears connecting the shaft on the overy hanging arm with the shaft beneath the work support, said gears being disposed wholly within the closed chamber and in such proximity to the oil contained in said chamber that oil taken up by one of said gears is distributed on to al1 of the gears in said train.

35. A sewing machine including in combina- I tion, a standard, an overhanging arm, a work support, a needle mounted for reciprocation on said overhanging arm, a shaft mounted on said overhanging arm and connected to said needle for reciprocating the same, a feeding mechanism beneath said work support, a rotary hook beneath the work support, a shaft located beneath the work support, a train of gears connecting the shaft on the overhanging arm-with the shaft beneath the work support, a second shaft located 4 beneath the work support and operatively connected to said last-named shaft, said feeding mechanism beingy operated by one of said shafts beneath the Work support, and said rotary hook being operated by the other shaft beneath the work support, said train of gears including two intermeshing gears having respectively numbers of teeth having no common divisor whereby wear incident to shock loads imposed periodically on one of said gears will be uniformly distributed on all of the teeth of the gear intermeshing therewith.

NORMAN V. CI-IRIS'I'ENSEN.

CHARLES F. RUBEL. 

